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education: birds of georgia Black-throated Gray Warbler, Dendroica nigrescens
Status: Accidental. Two accepted records and one record with photographs pending review. Shows penchant for vagrancy to east from western range in U.S. as a rare but annual late fall vagrant and winter visitor to Gulf Coast states, mostly along or near coast. Records: 75+ in FL, 50 + in LA, multiple in AL and MS. Also recorded in GA, TN, SC and NC (Dunn and Garrett. Warblers .1997). Georgia records: Jekyll Is ( Glynn ) 18 Oct 1975; Kennesaw Mt ( Cobb ) (Howard, Pierre) 8 Sep 2003; Carter's Lake ( Murray ) (Spence, Josh) (pending) 20 Oct 2006. Most overwinter in Mexico, but also rarely in s AZ and s CA. Habitat: Dry oak slopes, pinyon-juniper forest, open mixed woods in western range: NM, CO, AZ, UT, NV, CA, ID, OR, WA, s WY, and BC. Georgia birds in mixed forest with warbler flocks and solitary in mid-story canopy . Murray bird also in low privet. Diet: Mostly insects, especially caterpillars gleaned from canopy. Identification: Generally gray above and white below with a bold black and white or gray and white face pattern depending on sex. The lack of yellow, except the yellow supraloral spot (in front of eye) in all ages and sexes, is distinctive. Two bold white wing bars and much white in the outer rectrices. Adult males have a black crown, throat and cheek patch strikingly offset by a bright white supercilium and intramalar, creating a striking alternating black/white head and face pattern. Also show some black streaking on sides. Females show similarly patterned gray plumage, with black reduced or lacking. First fall females have entirely white throat. Adult females and first year males show black or dark gray in throat but have a white chin and gray auricular (Dunn and Garrett and pers.observ). Conservation: Little information, but local declines probable due to deforestation and forest management practices. Information about status of winter range in Mexico incomplete. One factor in favor of the species is that it does not migrate over water to any great extent, moving over land into Mexico, which likely reduces migration mortality.
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